Instructions: Complete this test and bring it to class for grading.  You may use your textbook.

True False Questions

T  F  1.   Perception is the mental process through which we interpret that which we sense.
T  F  2.   "No matter who sees a chair, they all see the same chair" illustrates the idea of active perception.
T  F  3.   The position adopted in the book is that everyone sees everything in his or her own unique way.
T  F  4.   Our physical characteristics are unrelated to our perceptions.
T  F  5.   Temporary conditions like fatigue, hunger, or a headache can affect your perceptions.
T  F  6.   Perceptual constancy means that past experience has little effect on our perceptions.
T  F  7.   People of different cultures tend to perceive things in the same way.
T  F  8.   The process of perception includes selection, organization, and interpretation.
T  F  9.   Noticing the women in the room more than the men in the room is an example of selective attention.
T  F  10.   The term that means we categorize, store, and retrieve certain information is selective attention.
T  F  11.   Self-fulfilling prophecy means that we govern ourselves and we are not influenced by what others say about what we can or cannot do.
T  F  12.   Our culture tends to value feminine characteristics more than masculine characteristics, especially in the workplace.
T  F  13.   Your intelligence, your education and your ambition can be seen as filters that affect your selective attention.
T  F  14.   Ground is what you focus on the most; figure is the context in which you see the ground.
T  F  15.   Closure is related to how we organize stimuli.
T  F  16.   "Birds of a feather flock together" is an expression that illustrates the concept of closure.
T  F  17.   When you perceive three unconnected lines as a triangle, you are illustrating the concept of proximity.
T  F  18.   You are intelligent and treated accordingly by others. Such responses of others are examples of confirmation of your self-concept.
T  F  19.   You know that you are very good-looking, but your spouse never acknowledges your good looks by saying so either to you or to others. This would be an example of a rejection of your self-concept.
T  F  20.   In your work as a porter in a large hotel, you notice that guests seem to look right through you, don't remember that you were the one who helped them, and don't seem to know which porter they are supposed to tip when they check out. This experience is an example of disconfirmation of your self –concept.
T  F  21.   Self-image is the evaluative part of self-concept; self-esteem is the descriptive part.
T  F  22.   Self-awareness is your sense of self, your self-knowledge of who and what you are.
T  F  23.   The labels you use to describe yourself-I am a student, a parent, a spouse, an employed worker-are examples of your self-image.

Multiple Choice Questions

24.   The idea that our past experiences lead us to see the world in a particular way that is difficult to change is called
A.   perceptual constancy
B.   selective retention
C.   cultural selection
D.   stubbornness
25.   Which of the following is the best example of how role affects perception?
A.   I am a Cuban American whose parents fled Havana in 1906.
B.   I am an honor student and president of the student body.
C.   I am a person of color.
D.   Although few know it, I am a former Baptist.
26.   Which statement about co-cultures and perception is true according to chapter 2 of the textbook?
A.   Rural children are more eager to communicate than are urban and suburban children.
B.   Men see talk as instrumental, as something done for a specific purpose.
C.   Suburban whites see talk as a way to establish a sense of community.
D.   Men tend to see communication primarily as a way to establish a relationship with someone.
27.   Which of the following activities does NOT occur in perception?
A.   exploration
B.   interpretation
C.   organization
D.   selection
28.   Which of the following is the best example of selective attention?
A.   She immediately spotted the guy with the earring who looked so much like someone she had known before.
B.   They agreed with each other because they both liked the idea of government ownership of basic industry.
C.   He was an expert "body man" in a chop shop; she was a hair stylist in the low-rent district.
D.   They fought constantly over how the children should be disciplined.
29.   When you remember how wonderful your mother was but forget how often she made you feel inadequate, then you are exhibiting the perception concept called
A.   selective retention
B.   stereotyping
C.   sexual discrimination
D.   selective attention
30.   Which of the following would be the reason why an individual looking at a class picture might see his or her own face first?
A.   because of its proximity to the other faces
B.   because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground
C.   because it is the image that allows closure
D.   because it is ground and the rest of the class is figure
31.   If I notice that Bill and Yolanda are often together and I "fill in" my inference that they are now lovers, then I am illustrating the perception concept called
A.   closure
B.   figure and ground
C.   proximity
D.   filtering
32.   Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three reasons why differences in perception occur?
A.   physiological factors
B.   past experience
C.   present feelings and circumstances
D.   present eating habits
33.   Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of passive perception?
A.   People see things identically.
B.   Things have inherent meaning.
C.   People create meanings.
D.   Receivers are objective.
34.   The characteristic listed below that is NOT true of active perception is that it is
A.   subjective
B.   interpretive
C.   active
D.   simple
35.   Which of the following would be an example of a physiological factor that affects perception?
A.   mental distractions such as daydreaming
B.   a homosexual orientation and lifestyle
C.   a background in Roman Catholicism
D.   a woman who weighs ninety-seven pounds
36.   Which concept listed below is one in which evaluation (positive or negative judgment) plays an important role?
A.   self-awareness
B.   self-esteem
C.   self-concept
D.   self-actualization
37.   Which of the following best describes an instance of disconfirmation of a person's self-concept?
A.   You think you are socially charming, but others find you to be obnoxious and let you know it.
B.   You believe yourself to be very smart in math; but because you are a woman, no one else acknowledges your math ability.
C.   You know you are exceptionally beautiful, and nearly everyone who meets you lets you know in one way or another that they think so too.
D.   Every time you bring up an idea in the group, someone lets you know that it is a pretty dumb idea.
38.   You know you are a marginal student, your grades show it, and your family and friends do not expect anything better from you. The responses you receive from others are examples of
A.   confirmation
B.   rejection
C.   disconfirmation
D.   submissiveness
39.   Of what two parts does self-concept consist?
A.   self-awareness and self-image
B.   self-image and self-esteem
C.   self-esteem and self-consciousness
D.   self-awareness and self-consciousness
40.   The concept referring to the idea that messages and feedback from others shape you into what you are today is called
A.   self-actualization
B.   self-consciousness
C.   symbolic interactionism
D.   transactional communication
41.   Maslow's pyramid has as its highest level the concept known as the
A.   fully functioning person
B.   open self
C.   disclosed self
D.   self-actualized person
42.   Which of the following is NOT a research cited in the textbook regarding gender and self-concept?
A.   The tendency to see yourself consistently as male or female occurs between the ages of five and seven.
B.   Americans tend to start treating baby boys and baby girls differently from the time they are born.
C.   Women tend to have higher self-esteem than do men in our society.
D.   In the United States the so-called masculine traits are more highly valued than the so-called feminine traits.
43.   The evaluative part of self is
A.   self-awareness
B.   self-image
C.   self-esteem
D.   disconfirmation
44.   If your mother thinks that you walk on water, then you might try to live up to her expectations. This tendency is called
A.   self-consciousness
B.   self-fulfilling prophecy
C.   self-awareness
D.   self-esteem