T F 1. Members of a group who
are actively participating in a discussion cannot observe how the group
is functioning.
T F 2. Changing just one characteristic
of a group, such as by adding a new member, will result in many other changes.
T F 3. Open systems are less
common than are closed systems.
T F 4. There should be clear
status distinctions among group members, in a hierarchy from highest to
lowest.
T F 5. Members of an ideal group
expect to compromise with each other.
T F 6. Although leadership services
are shared, in an ideal group one member is recognized and accepted by
all others as the PRIMARY leader.
T F 7. A long-tern group (such
as a standing committee of a fraternity) should try to meet in a variety
of different places.
T F 8. If a task force assigned
to recommend laws to control violent crime is to be very productive, members
should have similar VALUES on such issues as whether capital punishment
is moral and whether persons should be held responsible for the consequences
of their behavior.
T F 9. The qualities of a system
can be determined by summing the qualities of its parts.
T F 10. A variable is a general
characteristic or dimension of some thing or concept, such as a person,
small group, or house, and which can take on two or more values.
T F 11. Attitudes and personality
traits are system-level variables.
T F 12. An evaluation of a committee
is usually made on the basis of its input components rather than on its
outputs.
T F 13. A system is defined as
an arrangement of components.
T F 14. Procedures followed by
a small group in making major decisions are classified as throughput variables.
T F 15. A recommendation by a
committee to an administrator is an example of a group output.
Matching
16. 1. dogmatism 2. cohesiveness 3.
structure of problem-solving procedure 4. authoritarianism 5. synergy 6.
norms
A. individual-level variable
B. system-level variable
C. system-level variable
D. individual-level variable
E. system-level variable
F. system-level variable
17. General systems theory was developed from
an analysis of
A. small groups of humans and other animals.
B. the functioning of complex machines such
as engines.
C. the ways in which human societies develop
and function.
D. historical trends that develop over long
periods of time.
E. living organisms that must maintain a
balance with their environments.
18. "A small human group is an open system."
This statement means that ,
A. members are open-minded toward new ideas.
B. nonmembers, such as reporters, may attend
meetings.
C. the group influences and is influenced
by its environment.
D. the group tends to degenerate (second
law of thermodynamics).
E. some members are periodically replaced,
such as in done in most standing committees.
19. Throughput refers to or is a synonym for
A. the ways members process information.
B. whatever is accomplished by the group's
activity.
C. communication among members.
D. process and procedures of a group.
E. message sending and receiving by a group.
20. Members who bring to the group information
about the environment and who report group activities and recommendations
to the parent organization (and other concerned groups) are called
A. liaisons.
B. boundary spanners.
C. reporters.
D. interfacers.
E. marginal persons.
21. In order to accomplish the objectives
assigned to them, committees of an organization may need which of the following
from the organization?
A. program about how to work as a committee
member.
B. information about the budget and other
physical resources available to the committee.
C. expert consultants.
D. all of the above.
E. none of the above.
22. In a county near where we live, the Planning
and Zoning Commission has become demoralized, and is working poorly. This
P&Z Commission is responsible to the elected Board of Commissioners,
who are the legislative group for the county, with authority to change
any recommendation by the Commission. Based on chapter 2, which do you
think has probably produced much of the low morale in the Planning and
Zoning Commission?
A. The Commission has to make too many important
decisions.
B. The Commission has to meet several times
each month.
C. The Commission rarely gets a decision
made.
D. When affected citizens appeal, the Board
often changes the decision made by the Commission.
E. When affected citizens appeal, the Board
usually backs the decision made by the Commission.
23. When a group performs above its apparent potential (determined from member characteristics), that is an instance of positive _______________.
24. Nominal members, who watch and listen but rarely contribute anything of substance to the group's efforts to achieve its goal, are called social _____________.
25. Responses to a system's output are collectively referred to as _________________.
26. The variables of a group were classified into three major categories: _______________, ______________, and ______________.
27. For its smaller groups to function well, an organization needs _______________ to their accomplishments.
28. An interacting complex of interdependent parts, perceived as a whole, is called a(n) ___________________.
29. An observable (or measurable) characteristic
that can change in magnitude or quality is called a(n) ___________________.