T F 1. Cohesiveness is a group-level (as opposed to individual-level) characteristic.
T F 2. "Groupthink" refers to analytical and critical thinking expressed during group discussions.
T F 3. The communication flow or network of a small group may change whenever a new issue or problem is discussed.
T F 4. All-channel networks are more likely to break down into two or more private conversations than are restricted networks of communication.
T F 5. In a "wheel" network of communication, messages can flow in all possible channels among members.
T F 6. In a wheel network, the discussion leader usually comments after a remark made by another member.
T F 7. A "Y" network contains lieutenants ("assistants") to the designated group leader.
T F 8. During discussions, low-status members of a group tend to speak more often to other low status members than to high-status members.
T F 9. Designated leaders of work teams and committees are rarely given more deference and support than are other members.
T F 10. Low-status members are usually not considered valuable members by higher status members of a small group.
T F 11. Group members perceived as leaders are more likely to be given idiosyncratic credit than members not perceived to be leaders.
T F 12. Task groups in which perceptions of leadership and idiosyncratic credit are not related were found in one research study to be low in task performance.
T F 13. Kameda and Sugimori found that requiring unanimous decisions was more likely to produce groupthink than was requiring a majority.
T F 14. A task group in which there is a high level of cohesiveness may be low in productivity of its assigned work.
T F 15. In the United States, open expression of disagreement is more common in groups characterized by low (rather than high) cohesiveness.
T F 16. Data from which a SYMLOG diagram is produced can be generated either by members of a group or by observers of that group.
T F 17. Gulley, Devine and Whitney found that highly cohesive groups could perform tasks requiring a high level of coordination among members better than groups low in cohesiveness.
T F 18. Many fantasies do not develop into fantasy chains.
T F 19. Fantasy chains are a means by which a group can develop values, norms, and other features of its culture.
T F 20. Groupthink is associated with a low level of cohesiveness.
T F 21. Groups engaging in GROUPTHINK usually have very high levels of cohesiveness.
T F 22. Effective Group Discussion says you should not use SYMLOG during a teambuilding activity.

23. When discussing complex problems, the most productive communication network is the
A. wheel
B. Y
C. all-channel
D. chain
E. circle

24. The three member-level variables shown on a SYMLOG diagram are referred to as
A. inclusion, affection, and control.
B. system, information, and procedural orientation.
C. dogmatism, preference for procedural order, and assertiveness.
D. communication apprehension, authoritarianism, and rhetorical sensitivity.
E. friendliness, task orientation, and dominance.

25. Included in the elements of a group's culture:
A. communication network.
B. status hierarchy.
C. level of cohesiveness.
D. all the above.
E. none of the above.

26. From analyses of discussions characterized by groupthink, poor decisions were found to be mostly a product of the
A. characteristics of the group members.
B. characteristics of the throughput processes of the group.
C. low quality and quantity of the relevant information.
D. combination of the characteristics of members and the information they had.

27. Groupthink discussions are characterized by frequent expressions of
A. agreement
B. disagreement
C. procedural conflict
D. anecdotal evidence
E. critical judgment

28. Member morale tends to be highest in a(n) ______________ network.
A. hierarchical
B. wheel
C. circle
D. all-channel
E. Y

29. During a fantasy chain, interaction usually becomes
A. even-paced, calm, and deliberate.
B. loud, but. slow and deliberate.
C. limited to two or three members.
D. loud, rapid, and excited.
E. uncertain, disorganized, and dull.

30. The theory of symbolic convergence explains how members
A. of a secondary group arrive at a decision.
B. form similar symbolic worlds by storytelling.
C. speak during the chaining of a fantasy around a theme.
D. become excited in response to certain words.
E. create a shared code and rituals.

31. The term "groupthink" was coined by a psychologist named
A. Irving Janis
B. B. Aubrey Fisher
C. Robert F. Bales
D. Fred Fiedler
E. William Wilmot

32. Symbolic convergence theory rests on the belief that humans are
A. storytellers who share meaning through talk.
B. driven by a set of convergent needs.
C. the only symbol-using class of life.
D. inclined to ignore reality in favor of myths.
E. extremely complex mentally.

33. A high level of cohesiveness is indicated by a
A. lot of fantasy chaining.
B. shared sensory metaphor.
C. lack of open disagreement.
D. high level of efficiency in reaching decisions.
E. lack of a status hierarchy.